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  SPEECH AND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENTAL NORMS FRIENDSHIP BUILDERS 12-18  Spontaneously uses 40-80 words Starts to use recognizable words "wawa" "babba" "dada" Use sounds from the following sound families: /p, b, t, d, k, g, m, n, y, w/ Indicates wants and needs by pointing/gesturing and engages in pretend play Produces subjective and objective pronouns (I, it) Follows a 2-step direction without gestures " go get" Answers yes/no questions, possibly with a head nod or shake Refers to self by name, engages in parallel play, and exhibits verbal turn taking Points to distant objects outside Says social words like "hi, bye-bye, thank you, please." Requests items by name "more milk" and protests by vocalizing "no!" Asks and Answers " what's that" and "where" with rising intonation Says "all gone" and asks for more Points to 12 objects when named Repeats actions that made someone laugh and imit

  Speech Sound Disorders Q. What are speech sound disorders? A. Most children make some mistakes as they learn to say new words. A speech sound disorder occurs when mistakes continue past a certain age. Every sound has a different range of ages when the child should make the sound correctly. Speech sound disorders include problems with articulation (making sounds) and phonological processes (sound patterns). Q.   What are some signs of a speech sound disorder? An articulation disorder involves problems making sounds. Sounds can be substituted, deleted, added or changed. The development of speech sound acquisition varies with each child.   However, the following sounds are typically the earliest developing phonemes children acquire: “p, b, m, n, h, w, t, d, k, and g.”   These sounds should be clearly produced in conversation by 4.5 years of age.   Most children acquire later developing phonemes including: “f, v, r, l, s, and z” between the ages of 5-6.   The latest developing ph